Pediatric endocrinology is a pediatric subspecialty which deals with the diagnosis, treatment and long-term follow-up of children with endocrine gland disorders. This is a rapidly evolving field which has witnessed a very fast scientific progress over the last few decades. Endocrine gland disorders are not uncommon problems encountered in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. As a matter of fact, a higher incidence of certain inherited endocrine gland disorders is described possibly due to the high rate of consanguinity. The health care system in the Kingdom has provided an optimal care level through various well established units in various tertiary care centres. It is, therefore necessary to have trained physicians in this field to maintain this care.